Picture 2 a.m.: a noise in the kitchen, the kids asleep upstairs, and a 911 dispatcher telling you officers are on the way. In New York City, the average police response to critical crimes in progress was 9 minutes 10 seconds in fiscal 2025. In Portland, Oregon, high-priority calls averaged 19.5 minutes in 2025. Until help arrives, you are your own first responder.
Most owners get one short class, if any, and then nothing. In a national survey, 39% of gun owners had never had any formal firearms training. In 29 states no permit is needed to carry at all. And stress makes everyone worse, even professionals: in a RAND study of NYPD shootings, officers hit 18% of their shots when someone fired back, against 30% when no one did.
One permit class and a few range trips a year won’t make you the person who can handle those seconds.